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S. R. PLUMB.

SGISSORS AND SHEARS. NNo. 291,623. l Patented Jamba, 1884..

U e rz' zj- M am To all whom t may concern.-

UNITED A, STATES PATENT @tirreno sALMON n. rLUiie, or cnnsnmn, CONNECTICUT, AssieNon or ONE-HALF y ro cnoncn J. CArnwnLL, or sAMn PLACE. i

sclssoRs AND SHEARS.

tPEzrrrcArroN forming part of Letters Patent Nq. 291,623, dated January e, 1854.

` Application filed August 1,1883.- fNo model.)

Be it known th at I, SALMON R. PLUME, a citi- .Zen of the United States, residing at Cheshire,

in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shears and Similar Articles; and I do hereby `declare the follow-` ing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, suoli as will enable others skilled in the art to which it` appertainsto "make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates toshears and scissors which have theblades made separate from `the handles; and it consists, chiefly, in the Combination of apair of handles which are pivoted together at their inner ends, with a 2O `pair of crossed `blades which. are pivoted together, the rear ends of the blades being pivoted, respectively, to the middle parts of `the handles, and the handles being recessed, so that the blades will set flush therein.

i In the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents an elevation of a pair oftailors7 shears embodying my invention. Fig. 2` represents a detail view `of oneof the blades thereof. Fig. 3 represents a detail viewof the two handles thereof. Fig. I represents an elevation of a pair of tinners7 hand-shears embodying my invention. Fig.`5 represents an elevation of a pair of tinners74 bench-shears `sents an elevation of a pair of scissors cmlike parts. i

x A designates the cutting-blades, which are 4Q `beyond their cutting'edges on a pintle, a. The

crossed and'pivotedtogether at a point just' `ends of this pintle or pivot-screw may be en p circled by disks a', which brace both the blades and the pintle. The diverging rear ends, A,

of these blades are thinned from the inside,

leaving on their inner faces recesses A2. p

Bdesignates the handles, which are pivoted `together at their inner ends, B. These inner l ends are formed into disks and thinned, so that they will iit side by side between the rear ends, A', ol" the blades, their position being a little behind or below the pintle a when the shears or scissors are closed. rllhe sides of the Shanks oi the" handles are recessed at Z1 b2, and these recesses, with the recesses A2 on the in- 55 ner sides of the ends A, allow the blades and handles to fit together when the shears are closed, so as to be ilush on all sides. The upper ends of the recesses A2 are rounded, so as to allow free motion of the diskshaped `6o handle ends therein. The tips of the ends A are rounded, and the corresponding ends of the recesses t are rounded for the same purpose. rlhese rounded tips are pivoted to said handles by means of pivot-screws G. Vhen 65 thus constructed and fastened together, a pair of shears obviously consists of a pair of handles .pivoted together at their inner ends, and a pair of blades, which are crossed and pivoted todies together, the rear end ofeach blade bef ing pivoted to the middle part of the handle,

which is O11 the opposite side of the shears rom the operative part of said blade. This construction gives to the shears or scissors a 75 compound leverage, thereby multiplying the power of the implement. The handles and their shanks constitute a pair of levers of the second kind, having their fulcrum in common at the point wherethey are pivoted together, 8O and applying their power from their middle parts to the rear ends, A', of the blades through the medium of pivotscrews C, which connect said parts together. The blades themselves operate like those of an ordinary pair 8 5 of shears or scissors, but with the advantage of the additional leverage above described. Of course, the various parts may be considerably modified in form and means of attachment without departing from the spirit or 9o scope of the invention. These articles are cheaply manufactured, as the blades and handles need not be of homogeneous material. The former may be drop-forged from steel. The handles may be of malleable iron. Of 95 course,the shape ofthe blades maybe changed,

so as to adapt them to crushing or gripping or biting transversely-that is to say, instead of scissor-blades, they may become the transverse blades of cutting-pliers, orthe jaws roo of nut-crackers, pinchcrs, tongs, or analogous articles.

As the lshape and construction of these iml crossed blades or jaws, which are pivoted t0- pleinents are Well known, and as sueh changes in the blades involve no changes in those parts (already lfully described and illustrated) 5 Where the invention lies, it is not deemed neeessary to show them separately in the drawings.

Having;` thus fully described my invention, what I elaini as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

A pair of handles pivoted together at their inner ends, in combination with a pair of gether, and have their rear ends pivotallyeonneeted to the middle parts of said handles, said handles being recessed, so that said blades may set flush in theni, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix iny signature in presence of two witnesses. l

SALMON It. PLUME. Vi tnesses EDWARD A. CoiizNWALn, EUNron B. CokNnlLn. 

